All organic matter produce biogas naturally, which if left in the open will emit methane and carbon di-oxide, resulting in a very high amount of Greenhouse Gases. However, if this organic matter is digested in an anaerobic digester it has huge potential to produce Biogas. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a
biochemical process during which complexorganic matter is decomposed in absence of oxygen, by various types of anaerobic microorganisms. The result of the AD process is the biogas and the digestate. Biogas is usually fully saturated with water vapour and typically has from 40 to 60 percent methane (CH4) and 40 to 60 percent carbon dioxide (CO2). Biogas is often considered to be the best alternative vehicle/ process fuel as CNG or cooking gas as PNG. However, in order to be used as a vehicle fuel, it is necessary to upgrade the raw biogas to the standard of Natural Gas. To enable this efficient use of biogas for various applications, the gas must be upgraded, i.e. the carbon dioxide, which constitutes a large part of the raw biogas from the digester, must be separated from the methane.
The biogas is upgraded to bio methane by installing a biogas upgrading plant which is also called bio methane plant or biogas purification system. The technology concentrates methane, to give quality similar to natural gas. This can be used for various applications and is a CO2 neutral clean during fuel. This is the best alternate to fossil fuels. Biomethane can be directly injected into the natural gas grid.
